Accounting for Managers Governance-Legislation Update

Question: Portray about the Accounting for Managers of Governance-Legislation Update. Answer: Bookkeeping is the fundamental piece of dealing with an association, it is characterized to be the way toward recording the fiscal report, recording, grouping, checking, summing up, deciphering and convey the financing data of the organization. The basic role of the paper is to characterize the primary capacity of bookkeeping in a business undertaking, it will clarify the connection among bookkeeping and the executives in an association. Numerous business association utilizes various techniques for bookkeeping to play out their money related administration, the examination will expand on different strategies for bookkeeping and the explanation with regards to why various organizations may want to utilize them as a feature of their budgetary administration methodologies. Issue 1 Devaluation techniques Devaluation is a piece of the bookkeeping in working business association, it explained on the usefulness of substantial resources comparable to their financial life inside the association. Devaluation is characterized to be the changeless and proceeding with decrease in quality, amount just as the estimations of the advantage (Brigham, and Ehrhardt, 2013). The fundamental reason for devaluation in bookkeeping is to show on how much the organization resources have been utilized and how the rest of the worth could be used so as to accomplish the organization objective by increase in benefit making. The monetary increases of organization A have been acknowledged consistently over the four-year time frame by embracing the straight-line strategy for devaluation and this will be the equivalent in the later years. Since returns of an advantage can't be anticipated over its helpful life, it has empowered organization A to settle on money related choices fittingly both in the short-run and in since quite a while ago run (Titman, Keown, and Martin, 2015). From its initiation organization B has been making little gains in view of the high deterioration charged on its advantages. Since they embraced the twofold down technique a large portion of the deterioration cost has been charged in the couple of long periods of its activity. Eventually gains will be acknowledged a short time later (Crosby, 2015). Decision of deterioration strategy portrays the money related returns of an organization. It is critical to examine if either the advantage is to be utilized proportionately in its life expectancy or it will be utilized regularly in the underlying time frame. Twofold declining strategy results to low gains in salary of an organization its underlying stages in this way causing organizations to receive the utilization of straight line technique. Organization budget summaries Budget summaries contain nitty gritty data which leasers and speculators depend on to settle on venture decisions. It requires educated skill to esteem hazard so as to foresee the economy in the market (Shafer, W.E., 2015). The three fiscal summaries are pay articulation, accounting report and proclamation of incomes. Devaluation on pay explanations are managed as uses and are not to be disregarded as they are deducted. They are demonstrated along with the costs brought about during that money related year. The former year devaluation is summarized with the current costs so as to keep up aggregated deterioration that is proportional (Henderson, Peirson, Herbohn, and Howieson, 2015). The benefit an incentive in the announcement of money related position is shown against liabilities and value gains. Deterioration is masterminded in a similar segment with resources. Devaluation makes capital resources deteriorate in esteem so they are organized in a similar section with resources (Wuttke, Blome, and Henke, 2013). The book esteem got empowers one to have an unmistakable gander at the worth the benefit has lost. At the point when income spending plan is readied devaluation is viewed as a decrease from cost which shows no impact in the fiscal summary. Deterioration turns into a permissible cost when available salary is determined and this diminishes available pay the organization is to pay (Shafer, W.E., 2015). Along these lines, devaluation is a fundamental component which has make effect on the money related chronicle of the organization, the deterioration adjusts are treated as the costs in budget summaries of the organization. They ought to be very much held onto just as viewed as crucial factor of deciding the organizations money related execution (Weil, Schipper, and Francis, 2013). Issue 2 Capital account of the organization The accomplishment of authoritative objectives is dictated by the capital budgetary structures which are introduced by the administration. The capital monetary structure is a fundamental piece of organization the board which commits investors and the top administration to talk about so as to make a keen end while planning the capital structure of the organization (Peirson, Brown, Easton, and Howard, 2014). The budgetary destinations of business change contingent upon the size of the organizations, huge firms requires an enormous capital structure so as to accomplish its essential targets. Then again, independent venture endeavors are considered to require little money related and capital structure as the premise of achieving its prime missions (Colombo, Cumming, 2016). Consequently, the money related structure is characterized to be the harmony between all the undertaking liabilities and its equities, suggests the utilization of value and liabilities while assessing the monetary situ ation of the organization, fundamentally, it contains the values and long haul liabilities of the organization Kangaroo Express Company is one of the organizations which has the capability of turning out to be enormous and huge business organization. The organization is a family possessed business association with solid rush of expanding in its sizes by executing the significant monetary and capital measure which will require the coordinated effort between the top administration and the partners (Crosby, 2015). The top administration should assume their job by prompting the investors on the elective methods of financing the organization so as to expand its capital structure. Savvy renting Kangaroo Express Company capital structure is all around decided, the organization is appreciated to have an enormous level of advantages, and 60% of the organization capital is non-current notes. Savvy renting contains renting out the organization properties to be utilized by other working organizations. The renting rate is viewed as high contrasted with credits rates which are offered by the financial establishment. In any case, dangers limit the tasks of the organization corresponding to the renting procedure (Henderson, Peirson, Herbohn, and Howieson, 2015). Decrease as an end-result of value holders is one of the related dangers which may influence the activity of the organization. Heavenly attendant value Heavenly attendant value is characterized to be the procedure which the administration of a business substance permits financial specialists to put into their organization by offering a decent measure of cash. It is outstanding amongst other financing estimates which the organization needs to embrace so as to get more benefits just as expanding its capital structure and size (OFallon, and Butterfield, 2005). Kangaroo Express Company ought to receive the blessed messenger value which offers adaptable business understanding between the financial specialists and investors. Thusly, holy messenger value may likewise not be considered as an elective financing approach since a portion of the contributing exercises might be expensive and well as different speculators getting questionable about the organization. Home value credits Home value credits is an elective technique for expanding the cash-flow to the organization, home value advances permits the organization to get to fund from the value they have worked in their home (Peirson, Brown, Easton, and Howard, 2014). One of the benefits of home value advance lessens the organization liabilities and in this way builds it benefit making. Installment default is one of the essential dangers related with home value credits. Issue 3 Job of morals in administrative bookkeeping Business morals are characterized to be set of standards which administer the conduct of the organization as far as its administration, it oversees the ethical parts of the business association. Morals in business applies the general parts of business directs just as its pertinence in leading the whole business venture (Colombo, Cumming, 2016). Dynamic in bookkeeping requires the vitality of grasping the noteworthy morals which will be utilized as the reason for building up an aggregate dynamic procedure. The job of morals in administrative bookkeeping is utilized in deciding the business money related tasks and in this way turning into the appropriate angle in achieving the association objectives and goals (Ferrell, O.C., and Fraedrich, J., 2015). Misguided judgments Misguided judgments is characterized to be the procedure making a feeling which isn't reliable as a result of misconception. Morals comparable to administrative bookkeeping infers how the monetary division of an association can deal with exploitative issues which may emerge as a subsequent misconception (Harrison, and Van der Laan Smith, 2015). The administrative bookkeepers need to work as per the lawful techniques just as the budgetary administration structures which permit the organization to accomplish its key objectives and goals. Capacity Administrative bookkeeping morals assumes a prime job in guaranteeing that all person who are include in gathering bookkeeping information plays out their capacity in understanding to the ethical guidelines of the organization . Monetary departmental representatives who neglect to report data or then again utilize the interior money related data of the organization for individual addition can make genuine lawful circumstances for organizations (Harrison, and Van der Laan Smith, 2015). Organization partners and investors frequently require the information and data, regardless of whether which is certain of negative so as to acquire the applicable outcome while settling on money related administrative choices. In any case, the administrative bookkeeping guarantees that all the worker who works in the organization are trusted with a touchy business data (Ferrell, O.C., and Fraedrich, J., 2015). Issue 4 Compan

History of the Funeral Industry

Memorial services and internment ceremonies have been drilled for a considerable length of time. From embalmment in the old Egyptian occasions to the amazingly controlled acts of Muslims over the world, internment ceremonies vary enormously over the world’s cultural limits. The American burial service industry was never truly settled until after the common war. Prior to the common war, families would cover the groups of family members themselves. Playing with the common course of decay by preserving the body was disliked during pioneer times, yet inevitably started to pick up prevalence (Laderman). In spite of the fact that the act of treating bodies of the dead has been polished for a considerable length of time, the U.S. started preserving the collections of dead warriors to keep them from disintegrating on the excursion home. The individual accountable for masterminding and playing out the preserving procedure was then known as a â€Å"undertaker† (funeralwise.com). After the war, the prominence of funeral directors started to soar; in this manner, framing an industry. The quick spread of treating practices and urbanization in the mid twentieth century prompted funeral directors firing up burial service homes. Rather than the funeral director heading out to the home of the perished, bodies were shipped to the burial service home to be treated †assuaging the groups of managing the coordinations of death (Laderman). In spite of the fact that memorial service chiefs, initially called â€Å"undertakers,† are all around respected experts, the burial service industry has constantly been discolored by awful press, financial elements, and revolting contentions (Laderman). The most common assault has been financial. Society has consistently considered the calling as a â€Å"swindlers paradise† on the grounds that memorial service homes regularly exploit lamenting families by unbelievably valuing their administrations. This is a steady daunting struggle confronting burial service chiefs of our day. The burial service industry has progressively adjusted to customer requests, creating approaches to stick to the conventions of different cultural gatherings. Albeit numerous ethnic/cultural gatherings have explicit memorial service chiefs to take vehicle of their dead, the quickly developing industry has become greater ethnicity neighborly and can adjust to any internment practice wanted (funeralwise.com). This industry is taking a gander at confronting a financial blast as we arrive at the finish of our â€Å"baby-boomer† age, and they have thought of a plenty of inventive thoughts so as to cook their future.

Childhood Obesity and Fitnessgram Testing Thesis

Youth Obesity and Fitnessgram Testing - Thesis Example The exploration confirmed that instructors can execute this appraisal device to act and work as an instructional instrument. The appraisal device encourages educators to plan a critical educational program that will help them to address the issues of their understudies where they show the insufficiency. The subjective example demonstrated that the understudies that are in the intercession bunch have a positive view on the Fitnessgram evaluation and its capacity to improve their BMI. The Fitnessgram makes understudies mindful of the degree of their wellness and plan approaches to look after it. The exploration demonstrated that if understudies show a full quality on the five parts of the evaluation instrument (vigorous limit, stomach quality, adaptability, body arrangement, and chest area quality), they can be named as genuinely fit. At the point when an understudy is fit in these five key regions, at that point the understudy is solid, dynamic, and completely activity individual from the general public. The task indicated that the instrument served the five head objectives and improved the wellbeing results and wellness levels of the examined understudies. It additionally gave Georgia a longitudinal information that they can create self-evaluation strategies that they can realize their wellness level, use wellness data to create instructional projects and choices, and build up a long-lasting action for their understudies. The investigation of the t-test and the methods for the free examples indicated that the members in the example were measurably indistinguishable (allude to table 1).â

Truth Is Found Deep Within The Soul - Free Essay Example

Caring for the soul can be difficult and I find that some people lack soul at all. By accepting our weaknesses, gives us the power to help heal the soul. We can heal the soul and care for it in several ways, which include; accepting our faults and learning from them, by giving it our all in things and trying to make the best of terrible situations, and understanding and listening to our souls needs to thrive. Moore claims that without soul, whatever we find will be unsatisfying, for what we truly long for in the soul in each of these areas (xvi). He then goes on to explain what a soulful personality consists of, Complicated, multifaceted, and shaped by both pain and pleasure, success and failure (xvi). Can someone be satisfied by something they love without having a soul? No, I dont believe they can. A man that has all the money in the world can lack romance if he doesnt have a soul. To truly love someone other than yourself you would have to have soul. Soul is like 6th sense. Its feeling, seeing, touching, smelling, hearing, and soulful. Without these components I dont think it would be satisfying in any way. When Moore is talking to the man who hates his job, he asks him have you ever thought of being where you are, of entering fully this job that youre putting your time and energy into? (8). He doesnt tell him to chase his dreams, in other words Moore is telling this man that if he gives it a try and puts his energy into his work and engages in his work then he might find it easier to do his job and find it more enjoyable. This is a man who has been working for over ten years in the same place. In my opinion, I like how Moore handles this. If the gentleman really disliked this job there is no way he would stick around. There had to be some form of love for the job without realizing it. I personally have left jobs I didnt like and never gave it a second thought on how it would affect the business. Even now, I have a job where its not the job that I dont like its the co-workers, but I have learned to go in and just do the job and try to make it the best possible day whether its telling j okes, or just making another smile. I do find it disowning the soul (9), to go in and not giving the job a fighting chance. Moore claims that by trying to avoid human mistakes and failures, we move beyond the reach of soul (9). Is it soulful to make mistakes and have failures in life? Some people would think that having a soul means being genuine and kind. Moore states that it can be hard to honor the soul when the soul is trying to express itself through unexpected ways. I think the soul is always tested through our decisions in life. I feel that mistakes and failures are a part of what helps the soul thrive in possible ways. Someone who is an A student gets an F on an exam, would think they are a failure, but in return would work harder for a possible feed to the soul. Im not saying that making bad choices makes one to not have a soul, but I think it is important to accept our mistakes and face our failures, so the soul can thrive. Its about balancing ones soul. When I think of this, I always picture a childs teeter-totter. One side is mistakes and failures, while the other side is success and prosperi ty. Accepting ones faults and mistakes help us to keep our soul in reach. Can you really care for the soul if you do nothing? Moore talks about how nature heals, and all you have to do is not-doing (12). How is this possible. Moore says how observance has power. Is he right? If you are observing a birth of a child, do you feel connected to it? When I had my child, it changed me. Not in a bad way, but I felt love that I havent felt. And every birthday since I get this warm feeling, that affects me in a deeper way. Some other examples of a deep connection in observing while having that not-doing is gazing at stars at night, it puts you in a trance almost. Or something that may make you feel deeper in the soul, maybe witnessing a tragedy. Sometimes it feels like we need to do something when we lose control of things, but what others dont realize is sometimes doing nothing is better for the care of the soul after all. Can the soul be cured? When Moore talks about cure vs. care he tells us that cure is something that has an end to the problem itself, where as care is something that is continuous, like a daily maintenance of life. Curing is relatively easy and cure is something that takes discipline in caring for something everyday. He said there is no end (19). So how can we continue to care for something everyday in our lives? For example, having a pet. You get up, you let your dog out, you give him water and food, endless belly rubs, lots of love, yet you give him discipline when there is an accident on the floor. Its a daily routine. Caring is a lot harder to do, but it can be done! It transforms you and you become more aware of the changes as it happens. Its so amazing how life changes. When we see it as a continuation of care, it lets us stop and observe our surroundings. Moore says this is a good way to reflect on life. In conclusion, I feel Moores views are genuine and I agree with his claims and strategies of caring for the soul. Without soul, I feel this world would be doomed, because there would be chaos with no remorse for life itself. The uniqueness of a person is made up of the insane and the twisted as much as it is of the rational and normal (20).

Great Gatsby - the Green Light - 1554 Words

The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald deals on one level with Jay Gatsby’s hopes and dreams, but on a deeper level also deals with the Great American Dream. The novel starts and ends with a reference to the green light at the end of the dock, indicating an important symbolism. The first time Nick catches sight of Jay Gatsby, Gatsby â€Å"stretched his arms towards the dark water [†¦] [Nick] distinguished nothing except a single green light [†¦] that might have been at the end of a dock.† (Fitzgerald 2000:25). Fitzgerald ends the novel by again referring to the â€Å"green light at the end of Daisy’s dock.† (171). The protagonist of the novel is Jay Gatsby, a wealthy young man from the Midwest, who has moved to the New York in the East to pursue†¦show more content†¦This superficiality is the ultimate moral corruption and Daisy clearly represents these lack of values. The class divide between rich and poor is clearly illustrated by George Wilson, who lives on the edge of the valley of ashes. He is doomed to be viewed as unsuccessful and inferior, both by the wealthy inhabitants of the Eggs and by his wife, who betrays him with Tom. Clearly, character is not what people value. Wilson is an honest, hardworking man, while Tom is a rather unsavoury character. This corruption of values appears throughout the novel, with the desolate wasteland of the valley of ashes represents the moral decay of the 1920’s. Just as people travel from the Eggs to New York without really noticing the decay, so they pursue their dreams at any cost, not taking heed of the lack of moral fibre and the corruption that money and power brings. It is fitting that Tom’s mistress lives and dies in this grey wasteland. It is also where Nick meets her for the first time. Gatsby’s dream of Daisy serves to put her on a pedestal. Nick realises that even Gatsby must have understood this: There must have been moments even that afternoon when Daisy tumbled short of his dreams - not through her own fault, but because of the colossal vitality of his illusion. (92). When he eventually engineers their meeting through Nick, he realises that she is not the perfect woman he hasShow MoreRelatedGreat Gatsby - the Green Light1560 Words   |  7 PagesThe Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald deals on one level with Jay Gatsby’s hopes and dreams, but on a deeper level also deals with the Great American Dream. The novel starts and ends with a reference to the green light at the end of the dock, indicating an important symbolism. The first time Nick catches sight of Jay Gatsby, Gatsby â€Å"stretched his arms towards the dark water [†¦] [Nick] distinguished nothing except a single green light [†¦] that might have been at the end of a dock.† (Fitzgerald 2000:25)Read MoreSignificance Of Green Light In The Great Gatsby871 Words   |  4 Pagesoccurred in his lifetime. In The Great Gatsby, F Scott. Fitzgerald contrasts the symbols of the green light and the rain to represent Gatsby’s hope for the future and his doomed relationsh ip with Daisy. Throughout the story, Fitzgerald uses the green light as a symbol to represent Gatsby’s hopes and dreams for the future. Fitzgerald’s first use of the green light shows Gatsby’s dreams that are just out of reach. As Nick watches Gatsby outside his house he notices Gatsby has â€Å"stretched out his arms towardsRead MoreExamples Of Green Light In The Great Gatsby954 Words   |  4 PagesGreen Light â€Å"It had seemed as close as a star to the moon.† A star and moon, close and far, both in outer space, with only one thing that sets them apart, distance. In a symbolic way, dreams relate with this example. Every person is a star that is trying to reach the moon or a dream. In The Great Gatsby, Fitzgerald depicts the American Dream as untrue through Jay Gatsby’s persistence, difficulties, and corruption, to grant his desires. (pg.93) Jay Gatsby is in love withRead MoreExamples Of Green Light In The Great Gatsby762 Words   |  4 PagesThe end of the roaring 20s is summarized by a simple green light. In the time of 1922, F. Scott Fitzgerald’s book The Great Gatsby shows how people were changed by The American Dream and dry to follow but never achieve their ultimate goal. The way Fitzgerald shows this is the main character Gatsby who goes miles and miles to reach his goal of being with Daisy, but on the way runs into more obstacles than he can handle. This ends up in his American Dream never being reached. The last passage aboutRead More Green Light in The Great Gatsby Essay1039 Words   |  5 PagesThe Green Light in The Great Gatsby       The image of the green light in the novel Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, is a significant symbol which reflects Gatsbys dream and other aspects beyond Gatsbys longing.   Throughout the novel Fitzgerald uses many other images or symbols.   At first, it may seem very basic, but when the symbol is closely studied, one may see the deeper meaning found within it. Fitzgerald uses these symbols to make a point across to the readerRead MoreGreen Light Symbolism In The Great Gatsby877 Words   |  4 PagesThe Great Gatsby symbolizes a major part of whats so called the â€Å"American Dream.† But what is Fitzgeralds assertion on the American Dream? The Great Gatsby by Scott Fitzgerald, delivers a perspective of the American society in the 1920s, also the American Dream and It’s mysteries. There are many symbolizes throughout the novel, for example, the bright green light Gatsby gazes from across the oceanside of his Mansion - â€Å"I glanced seaward—and distinguished nothing except a single green light, minuteRead MoreThe Green Light Symbolism In The Great Gatsby796 Words   |  4 PagesF. Scott Fitzgerald’s â€Å"The Great Gatsby†, several symbols are used to illustrate the corruption of the American Dream. These symbols include the green light, the valley of ashes and the eyes of Dr. TJ Eckleberg. A symbol that is repeated multiple times throughout the novel is the green light. The green light is the light at the end of the Buchanan’s dock across the bay from Gatsby’s house. In the night, Gatsby looks across and stares at the light. To Gatsby, this light symbolizes Daisy and his loveRead MoreEssay On The Green Light In The Great Gatsby991 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Gatsby believed in the green light, the orgastic future that year by year recedes before us. It eluded us then, but that’s no matter- to morrow we will run faster, stretch out our arms farther†¦ And one fine morning---† In the Great Gatsby, the green light signifies Jay Gatsby’s hopes and dreams for the future and ultimately the American Dream. The green light represents the lost dreams of Americans, unrealistic hope and the determination to achieve the American Dream. The writing from F. Scott FitzgeraldRead MoreWhat Does The Green Light Symbolize In The Great Gatsby736 Word s   |  3 PagesThe Great Gatsby by Baz Luhrmann is about a hopeless, in love, millionaire by the name of Jay Gatsby and his dream lover Daisy Buchanan, despite her beauty is a self-centred, shallow and hurtful woman. Gatsby being a millionaire he could have potentially obtained anything with his money, The green light which was at the end of Daisy’s dock was a vision of his goal to have Daisy. Daisy Buchanan had assured Gatsby that she could not be bought. When at last Gatsby had Daisy to himself ‘which he thoughtRead MoreWhat Does The Green Light Symbolize In The Great Gatsby966 Words   |  4 PagesThe novel The Great Gatsby was written by F. Scott Fitzgerald. The setting of the book takes place in Long Island and New York in the early 1920s. Fitzgerald has one of the main characters, Nick Carraway narrate his life with his friend Jay Gatsby by his side. Gatsby hopes Nick will help him on his journey to win back to the love of his life, Daisy Buchanan. Throughout the novel, Fitzgerald relates important symbols to the theme. The green light at the end of Daisys dock, Gatsbys car, and the Valley

Me myself and I Essay Thesis Example For Students

Me myself and I Essay Thesis JUST-IN-TIME INVENTORYIntro/Background: The management of inventory is a problem common to all business organizations. Basically, inventory is a resource idle for the present but useful for the future. If it is for the future, then why store it now physically and incur costs? Why not procure it only when needed? These questions lie behind the philosophy of Just-in-Time (JIT). JIT is a process for achieving excellence in a manufacturing company based on the continuing elimination of waste, and waste is considered to be anything that does not add value to the product. The principle of JIT is to eliminate sources of manufacturing waste by getting the right quantity of raw materials and producing the right quantity of products in the right place at the right time. In an effort to control costs during fiscally challenging economic times, the JIT system was developed in Japan after WWII. Many Japanese companies in the post-war era were challenged to find a way to meet the needs of customer s and businesses while utilizing as few resources and as little capital as possible. The Japanese developed these set of techniques in order to control production, limit unnecessary products and reinvest the valuable capital left from the savings back into the business structure. Taiichi Ohno first adopted JIT for Toyota manufacturing plants, and he was named the Father of JIT because of its success. By the mid 1970s, JIT gained extended support and became widely used by many companies. JIT is a management philosophy that strives to eliminate sources of manufacturing waste by producing the right part in the right place at the right time. Waste results from any activity that adds cost without adding value, such as moving and storing. JIT, also known as lean production or stockless production, should improve profits and return on investment by reducing inventory levels or increasing the inventory turnover rate, improving product quality, reducing production and delivery lead times, an d reducing other costs such as those associated with machine setup and equipment breakdown. In a JIT system, underutilized or excess capacity is used instead of buffer inventories to hedge against problems that may arise. JIT applies primarily to repetitive manufacturing processes in which the same products and components are produced over and over again. The general idea is to establish flow processes by linking work centers so that there is an even, balanced flow of materials throughout the entire production process. To accomplish this, an attempt is made to reach the goals of driving all queues toward zero and achieving the ideal lot size of one unit. JIT is not about automation. Instead, JIT eliminates waste by providing the environment to perfect and simplify processes. JIT is a collection of techniques used to improve operations, and it can be a new production system used to produce goods or services. The American Production and Inventory Control Society (APICS) has the follow ing definition of JIT: a philosophy of manufacturing based on planned elimination of all waste and continuous improvement of productivity. It encompasses the successful execution of all manufacturing activities required to produce a final product, from design engineering to delivery and including all stages of conversion from raw material onward. The primary elements include having only the required inventory when needed; to improve quality to zero defects; to reduce lead time by reducing setup times, queue lengths and lot sizes; to incrementally revise the operations themselves; and to accomplish these things at minimum cost. JIT is best suited for repetitive production environments. However, JIT principles can be applied to all parts of an organization including order-taking, purchasing, operations, distribution, sales, accounting, design, etc. The goal of JIT is to eliminate any function in the manufacturing system that causes overhead, slows productivity, or adds unnecessary exp ense. JIT allows for the elimination of inventory stockpiles and inefficiency and waste; raw materials arrive just in time for production and finished goods just in time for sale. When JIT principles are implemented successfully, significant competitive advantages are realized. The Just-In-Time (JIT) inventory system was developed in Japan after WWII, in an effort to control costs during fiscally challenging economic times. The challenge that faced many Japanese companies in the post-war era to find a way to meet the needs of customers and businesses while utilizing as few resources and as little capital as possible. The Japanese developed these set of techniques in order to control production, limit unnecessary products and reinvest the valuable capital left from the savings back into the business structure. Much of the success of many Japanese corporations over the past four or five decades has been was linked to the principles of JIT. Cultural Diversity in Business EssayCompanys like Bose Corporation of Framingham, MA, have recognized the significance of developing JIT systems within their company, and have also been central to the development of JIT II, a concept that hopes to reduce costs and save time in transactions with suppliers. JIT II is based on the reduction of lead times by increasing designs and responding more quickly to the needs of customers through a customer supplier partnership. This theory is an extension of the JIT I systems, though the difference between the two systems is significant. While JIT I systems are based on the supplier meeting the immediate needs of the customer, JIT II requires participation by the customer in order to promote faster returns. When this system was first developed by Bose, it was expected to dramatically change the cost structure and time involved in the day to day transactions between customers and suppliers. JIT II calls for presence of a full-time sales represe ntative within the customers company structure. The partnership comes because the representative is paid by the supplier, but works within the customer company in order to reduce the delays inherent to order systems and inventory retrieval. The development of JIT I and JIT II have changed the face of supplier/customer relationships since their introduction in the U.S. in the early 1980s. Japanese companies that have opened plants within the United States continue to utilize the principles of JIT systems in their business structures. At the same time, American companies are recognizing the benefits and transitioning their common practices of mass-production in order to reduce overhead, decrease costs, and allow for the utilization of capital that is available because of lower inventory expenditures. JIT II has come as a natural extension of processes that save time and money for many companies. The utilization of an in-house sales-representative available to promote and distribute product lines while also decreasing lead times has had a monumental impact on business structures. The trend appears to moving towards the minimization of inventory procedures rather then remaining steadfast in mass production. JIT systems have led the way in creating a more streamlined inventory processes across the globe. References:Anonymous (1996, May). The New Supplier Partnership: An Inside Story. Nations Business, vol. 84(5), pp. 21. Chhikara, J. Weiss, E. (1995, May June). JIT Savings Myth or Reality? Business Horizons, vol.38(3), pp. 73-78Manoochehri, G. (1988, October). JIT for Small Manufacturers. Journal of Small Business Management, vol. 26(4), pp. 22-30. Pragman, Claudia (1996, July August). JIT II: A Purchasing Concept for Reducing Lead Times in Time-Based Competition. Business Horizons, vol. 39(4), pp. 54-58. Waguespack, K. Cantor, B. (1996, July). Oil Inventories Should be Based on Margins, Supply Reliability. Oil Gas Journal, vol. 94(28), pp. 39-41. References: www.inventorysolutions.org http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/ncwsa/pg3a.htm http://www.freequality.org/Training%20Slides/JITmanufacturing.ppt http://sunny.crk.umn.edu/courses/mktg/1100/ppfolder/CHAPTR17.PPT http://www.freequality.org/Training%20Slides/Just-In-Time%20by%20Steve%20Spangler.ppt Words/ Pages : 1,900 / 24

Selling Electric Bicycles an Example of the Topic Business Essays by

Selling Electric Bicycles Entry to the Market To advertise electric bicycles in the market, it is important to tap into the significance of using electricity-run bicycles and the implications of using electric bicycles to current economic situations and environmental conditions. Advertising should be framed within the context of cheaper transportation expenses due to the global problem of increasing oil prices. Moreover, the greenhouse effect phenomenon and global warming are also relevant issues that advertising should address. (Novey, 2007) Utilizing electric bicycles as a means of transportation is also advantageous to an inpiduals health, fitness, and lifestyle. (EV World, 2005) Need essay sample on "Selling Electric Bicycles" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed With this in mind, advertising strategies should reiterate the importance of electric bicycles to the economy. Advertising slogans and campaigns should address economic problems, and compare daily expenses when it comes to purchasing oil for cars and utilizing electric bicycles as an option. It should also incorporate the concept of going clean and green lessening air pollutants that damage the environment and cause uncontrollable global changes such as the warming of the atmosphere. On the lighter side of advertising content, slogans and campaigns should illustrate the impact of electric bicycles to an inpiduals health as well as its contribution to leisure and entertainment. Advertising should be massive, reaching out to perse populations (Shah, 2008) such as families (advertising cycling as a means of family bonding and entertainment while at the same time producing a health family life and environment), business men (advertising cycling as cutting down oil expenses and practicing corporate responsibility of an organization), young population (advertising cycling as a means of leisure and adventure, and also integrating young and hip designs for electric bicycles that would appeal to the target population), etc. Massive advertising should employ a variety of techniques and media in marketing, such as ads in the newspaper, magazines with the incorporation of graphic materials and attractive phrases for slogans or headings (eHow, 2008), radio and television advertisements, promotional activities with exhibits in populous places such as shopping malls, implementing introductory prices and unique items or limited edition items, and also through online advertising. Competitors Competitors in the Australian Market are plenty. There are established electric vehicle industries that have been operating for a long time that penetrating the Australian market seems impossible. Australian Electric Vehicles offer a variety of transport goods that are run by electricity including bicycles. The company has been operating for more than twenty five years in the transportation industry. (AEV, 2008) The Electric Bicycle Co. is another Australian-based company that manufactures and sells electric bicycles. (The Electric Bicycle Co., 2007) These companies are just two of the many companies that heighten competition in the electric bicycle industry. In order to compete with established electric vehicle companies in Australia, a distinguishing factor that would increase chances to compete in the industry is through the lowered prices of electric bicycles manufactured in China. Although operating cost is extremely low, it does not neglect quality and design. It is identified that operating cost is less expensive because of cheaper labor cost operated by trained and skilled laborers in the field. High population of trained and skilled workers in China result to faster output production therefore allowing speedy transport and delivery to Australia. (Wikinvest, 2008) Delivery Warehousing is one excellent way for fast transaction and delivery to consumers. The concept of warehousing is to situate a building in Australia where shipment will be stored for electric bicycles in this essay. Orders from consumers from the exhibit, flyers, catalog, or online list of electric bicycles will be delivered immediately from the warehouse after closing a transaction. Shipments from China will be done on a regular basis based on volume, line of design, etc. Partnership with cargo ship companies will allows fast and efficient transport of goods from China to an Australian-based warehouse. Special or custom-made orders will be directly communicated to China. Customers in Australia may also purchase directly from stores or ask for home delivery. References AEV. (2008). Australian Electric Vehicles. Retrieved August 30, 2008, from Australian Electric Vehicles. eHow. (2008). How to Market perse Populations. Retrieved August 30, 2008, from eHow, Inc. The Electric Bicycle Co. (2007). The Electric Bicycle Co. Retrieved August 30, 2008, from The Electric Bicycle Co. Website: http://www.electricbicycle.com.au/index.html EV World. (2005). Can You Really Exercise on an Electric Bicycle? Retrieved August 30, 2008, from EV World. Website: http://www.evworld.com/news.cfm?newsid=7623 Novey, J. (2007). The Case for Electric Bicycles. Retrieved August 30, 2008, from Co-op America Foundation, Inc. Website: http://www.coopamerica.org/pubs/realmoney/articles/ElectricBikes.cfm Shah, A. (2008). Media and Advertising. Retrieved August 30, 2008, from Global Issues. Website: http://www.globalissues.org/article/160/media-and-advertising Wikinvest. (2008). Outsourcing to China. Retrieved August 30, 2008, from Wikinvest. Website: http://www.wikinvest.com/concept/Outsourcing_to_China

Contrast Horses essays

Contrast Horses essays Horses have been an important and influential part of North American and European history. In his book, Ecological Imperialism: The Biological Expansion of Europe, Alfred W. Crosby argues that horses helped to bring about European's successful colonization of a number of temperate regions such as North America, Australia, New Zealand, and some parts of South America. He argues that the profound success of horses in these regions resulted from the filling of an empty biological niche, and that the arrival of horses on the plains in North America resulted in profound changes in the lives of North American Indians. In his article, The Rise and Fall of Plains Indian Horse Cultures, Pekka Hmlinen argues that the common view that horses brought success to Native Americans is fundamentally oversimplified. He suggests that the common focus on only the successful incorporation of horses by the Lakota people has distorted modern understanding of plains history, and obscures the damaging impact of the arrival of horses on native American culture and ecology. In Ecological Imperialism: The Biological Expansion of Europe, Crosby argues biology played a large part in the fact that Europeans displaced the native people of many temperate zones in the world (including North America, New Zealand, temperate South America and Australia). While the success of European imperialism is commonly thought to stem from military might, and advanced technologies, it can be better explained by other factors, notes Crosby. Essentially, Crosby argues that the native biology of these conquered temperate places (including humans) was not equipped to deal with European invaders. European diseases like smallpox decimated native populations, and European weeds and agriculture brought large scale Overall, the animals, weeds, and diseases that Europeans brought to the New Wor...

Renaissance and how this Era influence fashion trends and designers Essay

Renaissance and how this Era influence fashion trends and designers now days - Essay Example zed clothing became more popular as sewing and stitching technologies became widespread and the world moved into the era of industrialization (Breward). It was then precisely that the fashion industry was born; henceforth the concept of fashion came into existence. Renaissance is one of the hallmarks of fashion and cultural movements spanning from 14th to the 17th century (Zirpolo). It encompassed not just art and fashion but also influenced science, literature, politics as well as many other aspects of human life having a profound impact on the way of life (Zirpolo). It is no surprise, therefore, that designers also fell prey to the fashion marked by this movement which are followed to date. Works from famous fashion designers from Italy and Germany, including Rene Ward, Andrew Mc Clellan and John Sir Michael Struck were the hallmarks of the Renaissance movement. The fashion trends that emerged in this era were diverse, ranging from flares and broad barrel-shaped attire to narrower, slimmer gowns. Perhaps majority of the trends that emerged from the Renaissance era bear resemblance to contemporary fashion. Garments were considered a symbol of wealth for the nobles and riches as is the case today; although it was more so back then in the Renaissance era. Garments were viewed as adornments of wealth, creating stark divisions between the rich (nobles) and the poor. This continues to be a trend to date. Dark colors in particular were preferred in an attempt to showcase ornaments, jewelry and other accessories (Moose). The more articulate the tailoring (with cuts and flairs) the higher the prestige of its owner and the more highly exquisite the clothing was considered. (Breward). The riches did not compromise on clothing even during tough times, as is the case today. Clothing is still seen as crucial to the portrayal of prosperity and wealth (Mack). This is evident to date in, for instance, Great Britain where the Royal Family continues to extravagantly

Case study of China Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Of China - Case Study Example The export led growth strategy in China began back in 1978 with the power acceded by Xiaoping Deng. During this period, China was an unsuccessful state of communist, a poor nation due to the sufferings in the era of Zedong Mao’s Cultural Revolution for ten years. With the inefficient collective agriculture, closed economy, and enterprises owned by the state losing money, the population of China that was fewer than 1 billion shown a per capita income of $353. The entire nation was in poverty. However, with the death of Mao Zedong, a series of Deng Xiaopong’s reforms that were aimed at promoting the growth of the economy of China took over and retained the power of politics in Beijing. This reformed the country. China failed to obtain membership of the World Trade Organization under the leadership of Xiaoping Deng. The nation needed the status of the most favored country from America in the 1990s. China, during the whole of this period, began privatization of TVEs and SOEs in large scale and considerably lowered its tariffs. The process of annual review apart from exposing issues of human rights became a source of Chinese government humiliation, with hard lined China officials remaining a problem just like the negotiators of the United States. The Chinese officials had anticipated that the membership with the World Trade Organization would possibly undo apparatus of institutional socialism. China gained membership of the World Trade Organization eventually in December 2001 despite all the mentioned concerns. The China reforms were however achieved through the membership of World Trade Organization that facilitated the setting of China tariffs and allowed estimation of the cost of production of goods in China based on the cost of inputs. The country also had facilitated specific reforms that promoted the trade in the

Computerized Library System Essay Example for Free

Computerized Library System Essay Chromosomal aberrations are disruptions in the normal chromosomal content of a cell and are a major cause of genetic conditions in humans, such as Down syndrome, although most aberrations have little to no effect. Some chromosome abnormalities do not cause disease in carriers, such as translocations, or chromosomal inversions, although they may lead to a higher chance of bearing a child with a chromosome disorder. Abnormal numbers of chromosomes or chromosome sets, called aneuploidy, may be lethal or may give rise to genetic disorders. Genetic counseling is offered for families that may carry a chromosome rearrangement. The gain or loss of DNA from chromosomes can lead to a variety of genetic disorders. Human examples include: * Cri du chat, which is caused by the deletion of part of the short arm of chromosome 5. Cri du chat means cry of the cat in French; the condition was so-named because affected babies make high-pitched cries that sound like those of a cat. Affected individuals have wide-set eyes, a small head and jaw, moderate to severe mental health issues, and are very short. * Down syndrome, the most common trisomy, usually caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21 (trisomy 21). Characteristics include decreased muscle tone, stockier build, asymmetrical skull, slanting eyes and mild to moderate developmental disability.[51] * Edwards syndrome, or trisomy-18, the second-most-common trisomy.[citation needed]Symptoms include motor retardation, developmental disability and numerous congenital anomalies causing serious health problems. Ninety percent of those affected die in infancy. They have characteristic clenched hands and overlapping fingers. * Isodicentric 15, also called idic(15), partial tetrasomy 15q, or inverted duplication 15 (inv dup 15). * Jacobsen syndrome, which is very rare. It is also called the terminal 11q deletion disorder.[52] Those affected have normal intelligence or mild developmental disability, with poor expressive language skills. Most have a bleeding disorder called Paris-Trousseau syndrome. * Klinefelters syndrome (XXY). Men with Klinefelter syndrome are usually sterile, and tend to be taller and have longer arms and legs than their peers. Boys with the syndrome are often shy and quiet, and have a higher incidence of speech delay and dyslexia. Without testosterone treatment, some may develop gynecomastia during puberty. * Patau Syndrome, also called D-Syndrome or trisomy-13. Symptoms are somewhat similar to those of trisomy-18, without the characteristic folded hand. * Small supernumerary marker chromosome. This means there is an extra, abnormal chromosome. Features depend on the origin of the extra genetic material. Cat-eye syndrome and isodicentric chromosome 15 syndrome (or Idic15) are both caused by a supernumerary marker chromosome, as is Pallister-Killian syndrome. * Triple-X syndrome (XXX). XXX girls tend to be tall and thin and have a higher incidence of dyslexia. * Turner syndrome (X instead of XX or XY). In Turner syndrome, female sexual characteristics are present but underdeveloped. Females with Turner syndrome often have a short stature, low hairline, abnormal eye features and bone development and a caved-in appearance to the chest. * XYY syndrome. XYY boys are usually taller than their siblings. Like XXY boys and XXX girls, they are more likely to have learning difficulties. * Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome, which is caused by partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 4. It is characterized by severe growth retardation and severe to profound mental health issues. Cri du chat syndrome, also known as chromosome 5p deletion syndrome, 5p minus syndrome or Lejeune’s syndrome, is a rare genetic disorder due to a missing part ofchromosome 5. Its name is a French term (cat-cry or call of the cat) referring to the characteristic cat-like cry of affected children. It was first described by Jà ©rà ´me Lejeune in 1963.[1] The condition affects an estimated 1 in 50,000 live births, strikes all ethnicities, and is more common in females by a 4:3 ratio. Signs and symptoms The syndrome gets its name from the characteristic cry of affected infants, which is similar to that of a meowing kitten, due to problems with the larynx and nervous system. About 1/3 of children lose the cry by age 2. Other symptoms of cri du chat syndrome may include: * feeding problems because of difficulty swallowing and sucking. * low birth weight and poor growth. * severe cognitive, speech, and motor delays. * behavioral problems such as hyperactivity, aggression, tantrums, and repetitive movements. * unusual facial features which may change over time. * excessive drooling. * constipation. - Genetics Cri du chat syndrome is due to a partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome number 5, also called 5p monosomy. Approximately 90% of cases results from a sporadic, or randomly-occurring, de novo deletion. The remaining 10-15% are due to unequal segregation of a parental balanced translocation where the 5p monosomy is often accompanied by a trisomic portion of the genome. These individuals may have more severe disease than those with isolated monosomy of 5p. Most cases involve total loss of the most distant 20-10% of the material on the short arm. Fewer than 10% of cases have other rare cytogenetic aberrations (e.g., interstitial deletions, mosaicisms, rings and de novo translocations). The deleted chromosome 5 is paternal in origin in about 80% of de novo cases. Loss of a small region in band 5p15.2 (cri du chat critical region) correlates with all the clinical features of the syndrome with the exception of the catlike cry, which maps to band 5p15.3 (catlike critical region). The results suggest that 2 noncontiguous critical regions contain genes involved in this conditions etiology. Two genes in these regions, Semaphorine F (SEMA5A) and delta catenin(CTNND2), are potentially involved in cerebral development. The deletion of the telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene localized in 5p15.33 may contribute to the phenotypic changes in cri du chat syndrome as well. people with cri du chat syndrome Down syndrome (DS) or Downs syndrome, also known as trisomy 21, is achromosomal condition caused by the presence of all or part of a third copy ofchromosome 21.[1] Down syndrome is the most common chromosome abnormality in humans.[2] It is typically associated with a delay in cognitive ability (mental retardation, or MR) and physical growth, and a particular set of facial characteristics.[1] The average IQ of young adults with Down syndrome is around 50, compared to children without the condition with an IQ of 100.[1][3] (MR has historically been defined as an IQ below 70.) A large proportion of individuals with Down syndrome have a severe degree of intellectual disability. Genetics Karyotype for trisomy Down syndrome. Notice the three copies of chromosome 21 Down syndrome disorders are based on having too many copies of the genes located on chromosome 21. In general, this leads to an overexpression of the genes.[54] Understanding the genes involved may help to target medical treatment to individuals with Down syndrome. It is estimated that chromosome 21 contains 200 to 250 genes.[55] Recent research has identified a region of the chromosome that contains the main genes responsible for the pathogenesis of Down syndrome.[56] The extra chromosomal material can come about in several distinct ways. A typical human karyotype is designated as 46,XX or 46,XY, indicating 46 chromosomes with an XX arrangement typical of females and 46 chromosomes with an XY arrangement typical of males.[57] In 1–2% of the observed Down syndromes.[58] some of the cells in the body are normal and other cells have trisomy 21, this is called mosaic Down syndrome (46,XX/47,XX,+21).[59] [60] Trisomy 21 Trisomy 21 (47,XX,+21) is caused by a meiotic nondisjunction event. With nondisjunction, agamete (i.e., a sperm or egg cell) is produced with an extra copy of chromosome 21; the gamete thus has 24 chromosomes. When combined with a normal gamete from the other parent, the embryo now has 47 chromosomes, with three copies of chromosome 21. Trisomy 21 is the cause of approximately 95% of observed Down syndromes, with 88% coming from nondisjunction in the maternal gamete and 8% coming from nondisjunction in the paternal gamete.[58] The actual Down syndrome critical region encompasses chromosome bands 21q22.1-q22.3.[61] Edwards syndrome (also known as Trisomy 18 (T18) or Trisomy E) is a genetic disordercaused by the presence of all or part of an extra 18th chromosome. It is named after John H. Edwards, who first described the syndrome in 1960.[1] It is the second most commonautosomal trisomy, after Down syndrome, that carries to term. Edwards syndrome occurs in around one in 6,000 live births and around 80 percent of those affected are female.[2] The majority of fetuses with the syndrome die before birth.[2]The incidence increases as the mothers age increases. The syndrome has a very low rate of survival, resulting from heart abnormalities, kidney malformations, and other internal organ disorders. Signs and symptoms Children born with Edwards syndrome may have some or all of the following characteristics: kidney malformations, structural heart defects at birth (i.e., ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus), intestines protruding outside the body (omphalocele), esophageal atresia, mental retardation, developmental delays, growth deficiency, feeding difficulties, breathing difficulties, and arthrogryposis (a muscle disorder that causes multiple joint contractures at birth).[3][4] Some physical malformations associated with Edwards syndrome include small head (microcephaly) accompanied by a prominent back portion of the head (occiput); low-set, malformed ears; abnormally small jaw (micrognathia); cleft lip/cleft palate; upturned nose; narrow eyelid folds (palpebral fissures); widely spaced eyes (ocular hypertelorism); drooping of the upper eyelids (ptosis); a short breast bone; clenched hands; choroid plexus cysts; underdeveloped thumbs and or nails,absent radius, webbing of the second and third toes; clubfoot or Rocker bottom feet; and in males, undescended testicles. of choroid plexus cysts, which are pockets of fluid on the brain. These are not problematic in themselves, but their presence may be a marker for trisomy Genetics Edwards syndrome is a chromosomal abnormality characterized by the presence of an extra copy of genetic material on the 18th chromosome, either in whole (trisomy 18) or in part (such as due to translocations). The additional chromosome usually occurs beforeconception. The effects of the extra copy vary greatly, depending on the extent of the extra copy, genetic history, and chance. Edwards syndrome occurs in all human populations but is more prevalent in female offspring.[7] A healthy egg and/or sperm cell contains individual chromosomes, each of which contributes to the 23 pairs of chromosomes needed to form a normal cell with a typical human karyotype of 46 chromosomes. Numerical errors can arise at either of the two meiotic divisions and cause the failure of a chromosome to segregate into the daughter cells (nondisjunction). This results in an extra chromosome, making the haploid number 24 rather than 23. Fertilization of eggs or insemination by sperm that contain an extra chromosome results in trisomy, or three copies of a chromosome rather than two.[8] Trisomy 18 (47,XX,+18) is caused by a meiotic nondisjunction event. With nondisjunction, a gamete (i.e., a sperm or egg cell) is produced with an extra copy of chromosome 18; the gamete thus has 24 chromosomes. When combined with a normal gamete from the other parent, the embryo has 47 chromosomes, with three copies of chromosome 18. with edwards syndrome Isodicentric 15, also called idic(15), partial tetrasomy 15q, or inverted duplication 15 (inv dup 15), is a chromosome abnormalityin which a child is born with extra genetic material from chromosome 15. People with idic(15) are typically born with 47 chromosomes in their body cells, instead of the normal 46. The extra chromosome is made up of a piece of chromosome 15 that has been duplicated end-to-end like a mirror image. It is the presence of this extra genetic material that is thought to account for the symptoms seen in some people with idic(15). Individuals with idic(15) have a total of four copies of this chromosome 15 region instead of the usual two copies (1 copy each on the maternal and paternal chromosomes). The extra chromosome is rarely found in mosaic state, i.e. some of the cells carry the marker chromosome. However, mostly because of the markers instability and tendency to be lost during cell division (mitosis), some cells are completely normal with 46 chromosomes. Occasionally, cells may have more than one idic(15), resulting in 48 or 49 chromosomes in all or some of their cells. A similar clinical picture albeit to a milder degree could be expected in individuals that have the extra chromosome 15 material as an interstitial duplication; not as a marker chromosome; thus having 46 chromosomes.[1][2] Signs and symptoms Individuals with idic(15) have delays in language development and motor skills such as walking or sitting up. Other traits may include low muscle tone (hypotonia), seizures, short stature, and mental retardation. Distinctive facial features associated with idic(15) may include epicanthal folds (skin folds at the inner corners of the eyes), a flattened nasal bridge, button nose, and a high arched palate (roof of the mouth). Some individuals with idic(15) also have features of autism, such as problems with communication, social interactions, and repetitive and stereotyped behaviors (e.g., lining up toys, playing with a toy in the same manner over and over again, hand flapping, rocking back and forth). These are some mild features but with a severe person there may be more such as inability to talk at all. Genetics Generally, idic(15) is not inherited; it is said to appear de novo; in one member of the family, by chance. In most cases, the abnormal chromosome is generated in the mothers germ cells; oocytes. This finding is due to ascertainment bias; i.e. cases with maternally derived idic(15) usually have clinical findings and attract attention but those with paternally derived idic(15) usually do not. Thus, established cases are usually patients with maternally inherited idic (15).[4] . The smallest markers appear to be harmless and they may go undetected. However, if they are large enough to contain a number of important genes, they may result in idic(15) syndrome which is characterized by mental retardation, autism and other neurological symptoms.[5] One of the regions responsible for the symptoms of idic(15)syndrome is the critical PWS/AS-region named after the Prader-Willi and/or Angelman syndromes. Jacobsen Syndrome, also known as 11q deletion disorder, is a rare congenital disorder resulting from deletion of a terminal region of chromosome 11 that includes band 11q24.1. It can cause intellectual disabilities, a distinctive facial appearance, and a variety of physical problems including heart defects and a bleeding disorder. The syndrome was first identified by Danish physician Petra Jacobsen,[1] and is believed to occur in approximately 1 out of every 100,000 births. Possible characteristics * Heart defects * Mild to severe intellectual disabilities * Low-platelets (thrombocytopenia) * Facial/skeletal (dysplasia) * Wide-set eyes caused by trigonocephaly * Folding of the skin near the eye (epicanthus) * Short, upturned nose (anteverted nostrils) * Thin lips that curve inward * Displaced receding chin (retrognathia) * Low-set, misshapen ears * Permanent upward curvature of the pinkie and ring fingers (camptodactyly) * Large great toes/Hammer toes Klinefelters syndrome, 47, XXY, or XXY syndrome is a condition in which a human has an extra X chromosome. While females have an XX chromosomal makeup, and males an XY, affected individuals have at least two X chromosomes and at least one Y chromosome.[1] Because of the extra chromosome, individuals with the condition are usually referred to as XXY Males, or 47, XXY Males.[2] This chromosome constitution (karyotype) exists in roughly between 1:500 to 1:1000 live male births[3][4] but many of these people may not show symptoms. The physical traits of the syndrome become more apparent after the onset of puberty, if at all.[5] In humans, 47,XXY is the most common sex chromosome aneuploidy in males[6] and the second most common condition caused by the presence of extra chromosomes. Other mammals also have the XXY syndrome, including mice. Patau syndrome, also known as trisomy 13 and trisomy D, is a chromosomalabnormality, a syndrome in which a patient has an additional chromosome 13 due to anondisjunction of chromosomes during meiosis. Some are caused by Robertsonian translocations, while others are caused by mosaic Patau syndrome. The extra chromosome 13 disrupts the normal course of development, causing heart and kidney defects, amongst other features characteristic of Patau syndrome.[vague] Like allnondisjunction conditions (such as Down syndrome and Edwards syndrome), the risk of this syndrome in the offspring increases with maternal age at pregnancy, with about 31 years being the average.[1] Patau syndrome affects somewhere between 1 in 10,000 and 1 in 21,700 live births.

Education and Social Unrest Essay example -- Educational Educating Ess

Education and Social Unrest Introduction Society has long expressed its frustration in forms of visual protest, the most basic being deviant crimes and violent acts against others. This action is a way to draw attention of others as well as vent aggressions. This violence is often found in lower social groups as they feel the burden of financial problems and a lack of social mobility. It has become a growing epidemic in America; the growth of poverty stricken neighborhoods is now at an all time high. Since 1970 the population of high-poverty tracts (with poverty rates of 40 percent or more) has increased from 4.1 to 8.0 million (Ludwig 147). These growths have increased the size and number of struggling communities in urban areas. These areas have many problems that must be addressed involving youth related problems. The adolescents that grow in these areas do not receive the proper tools needed to achieve social mobility and so are left in a vicious circle of poverty. This loss of hope and desire for change leads t oo many social problems the major one being youth violence Over one-half (53%) of the respondents [adolescent males in high-poverty communities] have been in at least one type of violent behavior in the past year, and almost one-quarter have engaged in repeated hitting of family members or acquaintances. Once in four (23%) have been involved in at least one type of serious predatory violence, including carrying a hidden weapon, gang fighting, use of strong arm methods, or assault. (Saner 97) These youths need a way to escape this circle of poverty. To overcome the social limitations placed on this community of people it is crucial that they are offered every tool that can help them succeed. This... ...ensah, Addae. Africa News Service. â€Å"Male Dropouts Go Into Crime.† p1008290u0298. Oct 17, 2001 Brooks-Gunn, Jeane, Greg J. Duncan, and Lawence Aber. 1997a. Neighborhood Poverty, Volume I: Context and Consequences for Children. Russell Sage Foundation. Lewis, Oscar. On Understanding Poverty: Perspectives from the Social Sciences. â€Å"The Culture of Poverty.† Pg. 187-200. Basic Books, 1968. Greene, Jay P.; Winters, Marcus A. When Schools Compete: The Effect of Vouchers on Florida Public School Achievement. New York, Center for Civic Innovation. 2003. Meeks, Loretta F., Wendell A Meeks, and Claudia A. Warren. Racial Desegreration: Magnet Schools, Vouchers, Privitization, and Home Schooling. Chicago, University of Illinois. 2000. Ludwig, Jens, Helen F Ladd, Greg J. Duncan. Urban Povert and Educational Outcomes. Raleigh, Duke University. 2001

William Stafford and Randall Jarrell

William Stafford and Randall Jarrell There are two poetry writers that have wrote very good pomes and have quite a few that are popular. To compare and contrast two, it would have to be â€Å"Traveling through the Dark† by William Stafford and â€Å"The Death of the Ball Turret Gunner† by Randall Jarrell. These two authors have a different way and style they write there poems, that is why it makes sense to look at these two really close and really see how they write and how they get the message across. Both Stafford’s and Jarrell’s poem is in the book read in class so having read these two works it is somewhat familiar what they are about.But further reading is needed to really understand what these poets are trying to say and what they are writing about. So it is best to read these poems or any poem in general, more than one time. Just so it becomes easier to understand the words and the theme. To compare and contrast these two poems every detail makes a difference because that way the reader understands what is going on in the poem. When a poet begins to write a poem there is always that one message they are trying to get across or a little story they are trying to tell.So as a reader, it is important to read a poem more than once to really understand it. Imagery is a big key that both of these poets use. This is good when writing so that the readers are interested when reading the poem and to really draw mental pictures in the heads of the readers. Metaphor is also a big tool used in poetry, and without that many poems do not make sense. In both of these poems there is metaphor but it is not very clear to see sometimes. A lot of poets just ramble on with words and sometimes is not clear on what they are trying to say.So with these two poems you see how one is easier to read than the other. In William Stafford’s â€Å"Traveling through the Dark† it is very clear on what he is writing about and the theme is simple to u nderstand. But in Randall Jarrell’s â€Å"The Death of the Ball Turret Gunner† it is not that easy to get if you just read the poem once. Randall Jarrell is a type of writer that criticizes a lot of other writings he does not like. He gives a lot of harsh criticism because he is a big fan of literature so by seeing work that is badly written he is not afraid to come out and say something about it.But many other writers say over time he softens up because he is worried about the writer’s extinction. Even though he was really tough on other writers work, Jarrell’s passion for writing shows in his poetry. His poetry is more of the modern plain style which other famous writers use like Robert Frost. Jarrell likes to write about ordinary experiences that connect to the reader’s feelings. Not all of his poetry makes sense like â€Å"The Death of the Ball Turret Gunner† if it is only read once. Jarrell writes in a colloquial voice and mostly all hi s poems have no development in them.He will write about a topic and just go one and one but you do not see what he is really talking about at first. When you read Randall Jarrell’s work there is a lot of critical thinking that is involved and a lot of questions. For example in this poem the title says â€Å"The Death of the Ball Turret Gunner† and by seeing the word â€Å"Gunner† it makes sense to say this poem might be about war or a fighter plane. Jarrell’s other work was a lot about war because that is what he enjoyed to write about, so it only seems right that this poem is about war. But when you read it at first it seems as if he may be writing about an abortion.Because he uses the word mother, it may throw off the reader but he uses a lot of imagery in the poem, so when you think about it, it may connect to an abortion. The â€Å"Gunner† in this case could be the doctor and the Ball Turret could be the mother’s womb. Since he connects a lot of his work to war the Ball Turret could be the sphere like space where the pilot of a jet fighter would be in and the Gunner of course would be the enemy. And when the character in the poem was attacked he went upside down in the turret, little sphere, and looked like a fetus in the womb.But when a reader reads it for the first time it is not as clear, so it is safe to say that Randall Jarrell’s type of writing is not as clear and makes the reader think while reading. Jarrell’s poems were meant to have the reader really think about what they are reading to a point where one might get confused. So now there is the other side where it is much easier to read and comprehend what the author is saying. Stafford’s work is mostly always dealing with the outdoors and that’s mainly because of where Stafford grew up. He is also known for his unique method of composition and soft spoken voice.You can easily tell by reading his work because he does not try to c onfuse the reader and just gets the main point of the poem out there. Unlike Jarrell, Stafford goes into a lot of detail and uses imagery to show the reader what to think about while reading. For example, his poem â€Å"Traveling through the Dark† is taken place along a roadside near the woods. The poem is viewed as a dramatic lyric because Stafford develops the scene just like a playwright. You have the characters (speaker, deer); setting (nighttime on Road) complication (â€Å"swerve might make more dead†); action (â€Å"dragged†) climax (â€Å"pushed deer over the edge†).When you first read the poem it seems simple, that there is a dead deer on the road and the speaker pulls over and pushes the dead deer over the bank into the river. Yes the dead deer is pregnant because the character explains how he could feel the warmth on her belly, and yes he decides to roll it into the bank to prevent accidents. But why does Stafford write about a dead deer on the road. It is to show how a person unexpectedly faces a crisis which tests his or her moral sensitivity in everyday life. And that is what Stafford mostly writes about, everyday life situations.So by looking at these two poets you can see that Randall Jarrell likes to write with so much passion and wants it to be so perfect that sometimes his work is not easily understood. Jarrell wants the reader to think about what they are really reading, but sometimes bores the reader. Now William Stafford also wants the reader to think about the theme but it is much clearer on how he sets up his poems. He uses more and clear imagery so that the reader can see what the main point to the poem is. And these two pieces of work are good examples on how these two poets write their feelings and thoughts down.

Euthyphro - 1289 Words

Analysis of Euthyphro Nikon121 PHI 200 Bob Harris October 15, 2012 Analysis of Euthyphro Socrates was put to death in Athens for subverting the youth of the city. He was indicted by Meletus and awaiting his trail on the porch of the King of Archon when he met Euthyphro. It was at this point he engaged in a debate about piety. In this paper, I will examine that debate and present my own conclusion about its purpose as well as my own definition of piety. Holiness, or piousness, is the center of the conversation between Socrates and Euthyphro. Both of the men met on the porch of the King to deal with a legal matter; Socrates the defendant and Euthyphro the plaintiff. Socrates was being charged with†¦show more content†¦The gods often disagreed in many old stories, so if one god held an act to be dear it was possible another would hate it. This would make an act pious and impious, which is a contradiction. After his above point was refuted, Euthyphro modified his point to read that holiness is what all the gods love and the opposite was hated by all of them (Plato Jowett). This definition is a bit harder to refute, but it definitely falls short of giving a clear standard from which to judge all acts. This definition fails to show the nature of piety. It says the gods love piety but it does not clearly explain why. There has to be a reason that the gods love piety, and without that reason piety seems to become relativis t concept. I think this definition just gives a characteristic of piety. The next definition given is that holiness is part of justice that is concentrated on by the gods (Plato Jowett). Socrates uses examples of people attending to lesser beings for the sake of improving them, and shows that this is impossible with gods since they are beings above us. The word attending defeats this definition. This leads to another unclear definition that suggests that people somehow improve the gods, which we know from the concept of a god is impossible: holiness is that part of justice devoted to service or ministration to the gods; it is learning how to please them with words or deeds (Plato Jowett). The lastShow MoreRelatedThe Euthyphro, Socrates And Euthyphro1143 Words   |  5 PagesOrtecia Guity Introduction to Philosophy 4/30/15 In Plato’s Euthyphro, Socrates and Euthyphro have a battle concerning the definition of piety. Socrates questions Euthyphro on whether or not is possible to have an objective – definite – definition of a concept/object. This came to be known as Euthyphro’s Dilemma. This argument can be clarified as follows; â€Å"what is dear to the gods is pious, and what is not is impious†: if an object is God-love, than the object must be loved by all Gods; thereforeRead MoreThe Euthyphro, Socrates And Euthyphro1143 Words   |  5 PagesOrtecia Guity Introduction to Philosophy 4/30/15 In Plato’s Euthyphro, Socrates and Euthyphro have a battle concerning the meaning of piety. Socrates interrogates Euthyphro on whether or not is possible to have an objective – definite – definition of a concept/object. This came to be known as Euthyphro’s Dilemma. This argument can be clarified as follows; â€Å"what is dear to the gods is pious, and what is not is impious†: if an object is God-love, than the object must be loved by all Gods; thereforeRead MoreIn PlatoS Euthyphro, Socrates And Euthyphro Discuss The1734 Words   |  7 PagesIn Plato s Euthyphro, Socrates and Euthyphro discuss the nature of piety. Euthyphro first proposed that piety is that which the gods love. 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As mentionedRead MorePlato s Euthyphro, Socrates And Euthyphro Essay1242 Words   |  5 PagesIn Plato’s Euthyphro, Socrates and Euthyphro had a conversation about piety. During the conversation, Socrates raised a question which was a challenge to the Euthyphro’s definition of piety. Also, this question is a challenge to the theists’ view of divine command theory. I agree with the arbitrariness objection which succeeds giving a good reason to theists to reject the divine command theory. This objection indicates that the arbitrariness of God’s commands contradicts to the fundamental attributeRead MoreEuthyphro-Plato1140 Words   |  5 Pageschallenging because of the diversity of cultural, religious, and moral values, and beliefs in society. Such is the situation with Socrates and Euthyphro. Plato’s Euthyphro is a discussion that takes place in the Athens courtyard prior to Socrates trial. Socrates faces charges in Athens with impeity for corrupting the youth, and falsifying new Gods. 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